Memories of Traumatic Experiences in the Life of Refugees from The Refugees by Viet Thanh Nguyen

ABSTRACT

This paper examines memory as trauma in the lives of refugees using an understanding of Cathy Caruths trauma theory and Freud psychoanalysis. Psychoanalysis is a practice in the field of psychology to explore human psyche, other behavioral problems as well as traumatic experiences. Sigmund Freud and Josef Bruer examined how trauma evolves into hysterical symptoms in their book Studies of Hysteria. They both believe that trauma is caused by suppressed conscious memory, and that this repressed memory affects the person in many ways. They agree that conversation is the most effective technique to overcome buried emotions or trauma. Cathy Caruth shares a similar concept in her book Unclaimed Experiences, where she claims that the effects of trauma manifest in the latter stages as flashbacks, nightmares, and other symptoms. She contends that trauma often goes unnoticed and unexpressed due to its inability to be verbalized. Talking about traumatic experiences is challenging but crucial for the healing journey. Trauma is deeply impactful, affecting both physical and mental health significantly. This is evident in Viet Thanh Nguyens works, where he portrays harrowing experiences, and the coping mechanisms adopted by refugees to deal with their losses and traumas. The Refugees by Viet Thanh Nguyen not only delves into trauma and its effects but also serves as a powerful narrative of survival and unconditional love. The characters in the book exemplify unwavering dedication to their families and loved ones, even in the face of extreme challenges. Despite enduring life-threatening situations and overwhelming hardships, these characters demonstrate incredible resilience. They not only endure the darkness surrounding them but also find moments of light and happiness amidst the adversity, showcasing the remarkable human capacity to survive and thrive against all odds. Mrs. Khanh one of the characters stands out as a remarkable example of love and resilience among the characters in the book. Nguyens narratives depict characters coming to terms with their past, acknowledging the irreparable damage it has caused. Instead of trying to restore their old lives, they accept the harsh reality and opt to build new lives by offering mutual support and acceptance. These stories offer diverse perspectives on the experiences of refugees, showcasing the range of their struggles. Caruths trauma theory, emphasizing delayed understanding, inexpressibility, and repetitive experiences, is evident in Nguyens tales. Simultaneously, the narratives underscore the importance of acknowledging the "unknown" as essential for personal growth, as traumatic memories cannot simply be erased. Additionally, embracing unfamiliar cultures plays a pivotal role in the healing process.

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